Plants: parts & functions

Identifying the parts of flowering plants and understanding their functions

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Try each question. If you're stuck, leave it and come back. The answer key is on the last page.

1
Label the parts of this flowering plant.
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2
Match each plant part to its job. Match each item on the left to one on the right. Left: Roots, Stem, Leaves, Petals Right: Absorb water and minerals, Transport water to the leaves, Make food using sunlight, Attract insects for pollination
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3
What do roots absorb from the soil? A) Water and minerals B) Sunlight and air C) Food and sugar D) Carbon dioxide and oxygen
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4
True or false? Leaves make food for the plant using sunlight. A) True B) False
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5
What is the function of the stem? A) To transport water and nutrients around the plant B) To absorb sunlight C) To produce seeds D) To attract pollinators
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6
Match the flower part to its role in reproduction. Match each item on the left to one on the right. Left: Stamen, Carpel, Petals, Pollen Right: Makes pollen, Contains the ovules, Attract pollinators, Fertilises the ovules
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7
True or false? Plants get their food from the soil through their roots. A) True B) False
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8
A plant is placed in a dark cupboard. What will happen to it over time? A) It will become unhealthy because it cannot photosynthesise B) It will grow faster because it is warmer C) Nothing will change D) It will produce more flowers
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9
Why do some plants have brightly coloured petals but others do not? A) Bright petals attract insects; plants without bright petals may be pollinated by wind B) All plants have bright petals C) Dull petals mean the plant is dead D) Bright petals help the plant absorb more sunlight
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10
Label the parts of this flower that are involved in pollination.
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Answer key

Plants: parts & functions · for parents and teachers

1
roots: roots; stem: stem; leaves: leaves; petals: petals; stamen: stamen; carpel: carpel
A flowering plant has roots underground, a stem, leaves, and flowers containing petals, stamen and carpel.
2
Roots → Absorb water and minerals; Stem → Transport water to the leaves; Leaves → Make food using sunlight; Petals → Attract insects for pollination
Each part of the plant has a specific function: roots absorb, stems transport, leaves photosynthesise, and petals attract pollinators.
3
Water and minerals
Roots absorb water and minerals (nutrients) from the soil. Plants get sunlight and air from above ground.
4
True
True. Leaves carry out photosynthesis - they use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to make food (glucose) for the plant.
5
To transport water and nutrients around the plant
The stem acts like a pipeline, transporting water from the roots up to the leaves. It also carries nutrients around the plant and provides support.
6
Stamen → Makes pollen; Carpel → Contains the ovules; Petals → Attract pollinators; Pollen → Fertilises the ovules
The stamen produces pollen (male). The carpel holds ovules (female). Petals attract insects that move pollen between flowers.
7
False
False. Plants make their own food in their leaves through photosynthesis. Roots absorb water and minerals, not food.
8
It will become unhealthy because it cannot photosynthesise
Without light, the plant cannot photosynthesise (make food). It will become weak, its leaves may turn yellow, and it will eventually die.
9
Bright petals attract insects; plants without bright petals may be pollinated by wind
Insect-pollinated plants need bright petals to attract insects. Wind-pollinated plants (like grasses) do not need colourful petals because the wind carries pollen.
10
petal: petal; stamen: stamen; carpel: carpel; ovule: ovule
Petals attract pollinators. The stamen produces pollen. The carpel receives pollen, which then fertilises the ovules inside.