Ratio & Proportion

Understanding and using ratios, scaling recipes and solving proportion problems

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Try each question. If you're stuck, leave it and come back. The answer key is on the last page.

1
In a bag there are 3 red sweets and 5 blue sweets. Write the ratio of red to blue. The ratio is ___
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2
Simplify the ratio 6:10. A) 2:5 B) 3:5 C) 1:2 D) 3:10
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3
Is this statement true or false? The ratio 4:6 is equivalent to 2:3. A) True B) False
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4
For every 2 cups of flour, you need 1 cup of sugar. If you use 6 cups of flour, how many cups of sugar do you need? ___ cups of sugar
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5
Put these ratios in order from smallest to largest share for the first part: 1:4, 1:2, 1:3, 1:1 Put these in order: 1:4, 1:2, 1:3, 1:1
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6
Purple paint is mixed using red and blue in the ratio 3:2. How much blue paint is needed to mix with 12 litres of red? A) 4 litres B) 6 litres C) 8 litres D) 10 litres
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7
£30 is shared between two friends in the ratio 2:3. How much does the person with the larger share receive? £___
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8
Is this statement true or false? If a recipe uses ingredients in the ratio 2:3:5 and you have 10 cups total, you need 3 cups of the middle ingredient. A) True B) False
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9
A recipe for 4 people needs 200g flour, 100g sugar, 50g butter. Put the amounts in order for 12 people. Put these in order: 150g butter, 600g flour, 300g sugar
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10
On a map, 1 cm represents 5 km. Two towns are 8 cm apart on the map. What is the real distance? A) 13 km B) 35 km C) 40 km D) 45 km
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Answer key

Ratio & Proportion · for parents and teachers

1
3:5
There are 3 red and 5 blue, so the ratio of red to blue is 3:5.
2
3:5
HCF of 6 and 10 is 2. Dividing both by 2 gives 3:5.
3
True
4 ÷ 2 = 2 and 6 ÷ 2 = 3, so 4:6 simplifies to 2:3. They are equivalent.
4
3
6 ÷ 2 = 3, so we multiply both parts by 3. Sugar = 1 × 3 = 3 cups.
5
1:4, 1:3, 1:2, 1:1
1:4 = 1/5, 1:3 = 1/4, 1:2 = 1/3, 1:1 = 1/2. In order: 1/5, 1/4, 1/3, 1/2.
6
8 litres
12 ÷ 3 = 4 (multiplier). Blue = 2 × 4 = 8 litres.
7
18
Total parts = 5. One part = £30 ÷ 5 = £6. Larger share = 3 × £6 = £18.
8
True
Total parts = 10. Value of one part = 10 ÷ 10 = 1 cup. Middle ingredient = 3 × 1 = 3 cups.
9
150g butter, 300g sugar, 600g flour
Scale factor = 3. Flour: 600g, Sugar: 300g, Butter: 150g. Smallest to largest: 150g, 300g, 600g.
10
40 km
Real distance = 8 × 5 = 40 km.